diff --git a/appservice/api/query.go b/appservice/api/query.go
index 6db8be85..4d1cf947 100644
--- a/appservice/api/query.go
+++ b/appservice/api/query.go
@@ -26,6 +26,23 @@ import (
 	"github.com/matrix-org/gomatrixserverlib"
 )
 
+// AppServiceInternalAPI is used to query user and room alias data from application
+// services
+type AppServiceInternalAPI interface {
+	// Check whether a room alias exists within any application service namespaces
+	RoomAliasExists(
+		ctx context.Context,
+		req *RoomAliasExistsRequest,
+		resp *RoomAliasExistsResponse,
+	) error
+	// Check whether a user ID exists within any application service namespaces
+	UserIDExists(
+		ctx context.Context,
+		req *UserIDExistsRequest,
+		resp *UserIDExistsResponse,
+	) error
+}
+
 // RoomAliasExistsRequest is a request to an application service
 // about whether a room alias exists
 type RoomAliasExistsRequest struct {
@@ -60,30 +77,13 @@ type UserIDExistsResponse struct {
 	UserIDExists bool `json:"exists"`
 }
 
-// AppServiceQueryAPI is used to query user and room alias data from application
-// services
-type AppServiceQueryAPI interface {
-	// Check whether a room alias exists within any application service namespaces
-	RoomAliasExists(
-		ctx context.Context,
-		req *RoomAliasExistsRequest,
-		resp *RoomAliasExistsResponse,
-	) error
-	// Check whether a user ID exists within any application service namespaces
-	UserIDExists(
-		ctx context.Context,
-		req *UserIDExistsRequest,
-		resp *UserIDExistsResponse,
-	) error
-}
-
 // RetrieveUserProfile is a wrapper that queries both the local database and
 // application services for a given user's profile
 // TODO: Remove this, it's called from federationapi and clientapi but is a pure function
 func RetrieveUserProfile(
 	ctx context.Context,
 	userID string,
-	asAPI AppServiceQueryAPI,
+	asAPI AppServiceInternalAPI,
 	profileAPI userapi.ClientUserAPI,
 ) (*authtypes.Profile, error) {
 	localpart, _, err := gomatrixserverlib.SplitID('@', userID)
diff --git a/appservice/appservice.go b/appservice/appservice.go
index e026a787..bd292767 100644
--- a/appservice/appservice.go
+++ b/appservice/appservice.go
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ import (
 )
 
 // AddInternalRoutes registers HTTP handlers for internal API calls
-func AddInternalRoutes(router *mux.Router, queryAPI appserviceAPI.AppServiceQueryAPI) {
+func AddInternalRoutes(router *mux.Router, queryAPI appserviceAPI.AppServiceInternalAPI) {
 	inthttp.AddRoutes(queryAPI, router)
 }
 
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ func NewInternalAPI(
 	base *base.BaseDendrite,
 	userAPI userapi.AppserviceUserAPI,
 	rsAPI roomserverAPI.AppserviceRoomserverAPI,
-) appserviceAPI.AppServiceQueryAPI {
+) appserviceAPI.AppServiceInternalAPI {
 	client := gomatrixserverlib.NewClient(
 		gomatrixserverlib.WithTimeout(time.Second*30),
 		gomatrixserverlib.WithKeepAlives(false),
diff --git a/appservice/inthttp/client.go b/appservice/inthttp/client.go
index 7e3cb208..0a8baea9 100644
--- a/appservice/inthttp/client.go
+++ b/appservice/inthttp/client.go
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ type httpAppServiceQueryAPI struct {
 func NewAppserviceClient(
 	appserviceURL string,
 	httpClient *http.Client,
-) (api.AppServiceQueryAPI, error) {
+) (api.AppServiceInternalAPI, error) {
 	if httpClient == nil {
 		return nil, errors.New("NewRoomserverAliasAPIHTTP: httpClient is <nil>")
 	}
diff --git a/appservice/inthttp/server.go b/appservice/inthttp/server.go
index 009b7b5d..645b4387 100644
--- a/appservice/inthttp/server.go
+++ b/appservice/inthttp/server.go
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ import (
 )
 
 // AddRoutes adds the AppServiceQueryAPI handlers to the http.ServeMux.
-func AddRoutes(a api.AppServiceQueryAPI, internalAPIMux *mux.Router) {
+func AddRoutes(a api.AppServiceInternalAPI, internalAPIMux *mux.Router) {
 	internalAPIMux.Handle(
 		AppServiceRoomAliasExistsPath,
 		httputil.MakeInternalAPI("appserviceRoomAliasExists", func(req *http.Request) util.JSONResponse {
diff --git a/clientapi/clientapi.go b/clientapi/clientapi.go
index ad460908..c1e86114 100644
--- a/clientapi/clientapi.go
+++ b/clientapi/clientapi.go
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ func AddPublicRoutes(
 	base *base.BaseDendrite,
 	federation *gomatrixserverlib.FederationClient,
 	rsAPI roomserverAPI.ClientRoomserverAPI,
-	asAPI appserviceAPI.AppServiceQueryAPI,
+	asAPI appserviceAPI.AppServiceInternalAPI,
 	transactionsCache *transactions.Cache,
 	fsAPI federationAPI.ClientFederationAPI,
 	userAPI userapi.ClientUserAPI,
diff --git a/clientapi/routing/createroom.go b/clientapi/routing/createroom.go
index a21abb0e..d40d84a7 100644
--- a/clientapi/routing/createroom.go
+++ b/clientapi/routing/createroom.go
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ func CreateRoom(
 	req *http.Request, device *api.Device,
 	cfg *config.ClientAPI,
 	profileAPI api.ClientUserAPI, rsAPI roomserverAPI.ClientRoomserverAPI,
-	asAPI appserviceAPI.AppServiceQueryAPI,
+	asAPI appserviceAPI.AppServiceInternalAPI,
 ) util.JSONResponse {
 	var r createRoomRequest
 	resErr := httputil.UnmarshalJSONRequest(req, &r)
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ func createRoom(
 	r createRoomRequest, device *api.Device,
 	cfg *config.ClientAPI,
 	profileAPI api.ClientUserAPI, rsAPI roomserverAPI.ClientRoomserverAPI,
-	asAPI appserviceAPI.AppServiceQueryAPI,
+	asAPI appserviceAPI.AppServiceInternalAPI,
 	evTime time.Time,
 ) util.JSONResponse {
 	// TODO (#267): Check room ID doesn't clash with an existing one, and we
diff --git a/clientapi/routing/membership.go b/clientapi/routing/membership.go
index 7d91c7b0..cfdf6f2d 100644
--- a/clientapi/routing/membership.go
+++ b/clientapi/routing/membership.go
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ var errMissingUserID = errors.New("'user_id' must be supplied")
 func SendBan(
 	req *http.Request, profileAPI userapi.ClientUserAPI, device *userapi.Device,
 	roomID string, cfg *config.ClientAPI,
-	rsAPI roomserverAPI.ClientRoomserverAPI, asAPI appserviceAPI.AppServiceQueryAPI,
+	rsAPI roomserverAPI.ClientRoomserverAPI, asAPI appserviceAPI.AppServiceInternalAPI,
 ) util.JSONResponse {
 	body, evTime, roomVer, reqErr := extractRequestData(req, roomID, rsAPI)
 	if reqErr != nil {
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ func SendBan(
 func sendMembership(ctx context.Context, profileAPI userapi.ClientUserAPI, device *userapi.Device,
 	roomID, membership, reason string, cfg *config.ClientAPI, targetUserID string, evTime time.Time,
 	roomVer gomatrixserverlib.RoomVersion,
-	rsAPI roomserverAPI.ClientRoomserverAPI, asAPI appserviceAPI.AppServiceQueryAPI) util.JSONResponse {
+	rsAPI roomserverAPI.ClientRoomserverAPI, asAPI appserviceAPI.AppServiceInternalAPI) util.JSONResponse {
 
 	event, err := buildMembershipEvent(
 		ctx, targetUserID, reason, profileAPI, device, membership,
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ func sendMembership(ctx context.Context, profileAPI userapi.ClientUserAPI, devic
 func SendKick(
 	req *http.Request, profileAPI userapi.ClientUserAPI, device *userapi.Device,
 	roomID string, cfg *config.ClientAPI,
-	rsAPI roomserverAPI.ClientRoomserverAPI, asAPI appserviceAPI.AppServiceQueryAPI,
+	rsAPI roomserverAPI.ClientRoomserverAPI, asAPI appserviceAPI.AppServiceInternalAPI,
 ) util.JSONResponse {
 	body, evTime, roomVer, reqErr := extractRequestData(req, roomID, rsAPI)
 	if reqErr != nil {
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ func SendKick(
 func SendUnban(
 	req *http.Request, profileAPI userapi.ClientUserAPI, device *userapi.Device,
 	roomID string, cfg *config.ClientAPI,
-	rsAPI roomserverAPI.ClientRoomserverAPI, asAPI appserviceAPI.AppServiceQueryAPI,
+	rsAPI roomserverAPI.ClientRoomserverAPI, asAPI appserviceAPI.AppServiceInternalAPI,
 ) util.JSONResponse {
 	body, evTime, roomVer, reqErr := extractRequestData(req, roomID, rsAPI)
 	if reqErr != nil {
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ func SendUnban(
 func SendInvite(
 	req *http.Request, profileAPI userapi.ClientUserAPI, device *userapi.Device,
 	roomID string, cfg *config.ClientAPI,
-	rsAPI roomserverAPI.ClientRoomserverAPI, asAPI appserviceAPI.AppServiceQueryAPI,
+	rsAPI roomserverAPI.ClientRoomserverAPI, asAPI appserviceAPI.AppServiceInternalAPI,
 ) util.JSONResponse {
 	body, evTime, _, reqErr := extractRequestData(req, roomID, rsAPI)
 	if reqErr != nil {
@@ -239,7 +239,7 @@ func sendInvite(
 	roomID, userID, reason string,
 	cfg *config.ClientAPI,
 	rsAPI roomserverAPI.ClientRoomserverAPI,
-	asAPI appserviceAPI.AppServiceQueryAPI, evTime time.Time,
+	asAPI appserviceAPI.AppServiceInternalAPI, evTime time.Time,
 ) (util.JSONResponse, error) {
 	event, err := buildMembershipEvent(
 		ctx, userID, reason, profileAPI, device, "invite",
@@ -289,7 +289,7 @@ func buildMembershipEvent(
 	device *userapi.Device,
 	membership, roomID string, isDirect bool,
 	cfg *config.ClientAPI, evTime time.Time,
-	rsAPI roomserverAPI.ClientRoomserverAPI, asAPI appserviceAPI.AppServiceQueryAPI,
+	rsAPI roomserverAPI.ClientRoomserverAPI, asAPI appserviceAPI.AppServiceInternalAPI,
 ) (*gomatrixserverlib.HeaderedEvent, error) {
 	profile, err := loadProfile(ctx, targetUserID, cfg, profileAPI, asAPI)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -327,7 +327,7 @@ func loadProfile(
 	userID string,
 	cfg *config.ClientAPI,
 	profileAPI userapi.ClientUserAPI,
-	asAPI appserviceAPI.AppServiceQueryAPI,
+	asAPI appserviceAPI.AppServiceInternalAPI,
 ) (*authtypes.Profile, error) {
 	_, serverName, err := gomatrixserverlib.SplitID('@', userID)
 	if err != nil {
diff --git a/clientapi/routing/profile.go b/clientapi/routing/profile.go
index 97f86afe..0685c735 100644
--- a/clientapi/routing/profile.go
+++ b/clientapi/routing/profile.go
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ import (
 func GetProfile(
 	req *http.Request, profileAPI userapi.ClientUserAPI, cfg *config.ClientAPI,
 	userID string,
-	asAPI appserviceAPI.AppServiceQueryAPI,
+	asAPI appserviceAPI.AppServiceInternalAPI,
 	federation *gomatrixserverlib.FederationClient,
 ) util.JSONResponse {
 	profile, err := getProfile(req.Context(), profileAPI, cfg, userID, asAPI, federation)
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ func GetProfile(
 // GetAvatarURL implements GET /profile/{userID}/avatar_url
 func GetAvatarURL(
 	req *http.Request, profileAPI userapi.ClientUserAPI, cfg *config.ClientAPI,
-	userID string, asAPI appserviceAPI.AppServiceQueryAPI,
+	userID string, asAPI appserviceAPI.AppServiceInternalAPI,
 	federation *gomatrixserverlib.FederationClient,
 ) util.JSONResponse {
 	profile, err := getProfile(req.Context(), profileAPI, cfg, userID, asAPI, federation)
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ func SetAvatarURL(
 // GetDisplayName implements GET /profile/{userID}/displayname
 func GetDisplayName(
 	req *http.Request, profileAPI userapi.ClientUserAPI, cfg *config.ClientAPI,
-	userID string, asAPI appserviceAPI.AppServiceQueryAPI,
+	userID string, asAPI appserviceAPI.AppServiceInternalAPI,
 	federation *gomatrixserverlib.FederationClient,
 ) util.JSONResponse {
 	profile, err := getProfile(req.Context(), profileAPI, cfg, userID, asAPI, federation)
@@ -327,7 +327,7 @@ func SetDisplayName(
 func getProfile(
 	ctx context.Context, profileAPI userapi.ClientUserAPI, cfg *config.ClientAPI,
 	userID string,
-	asAPI appserviceAPI.AppServiceQueryAPI,
+	asAPI appserviceAPI.AppServiceInternalAPI,
 	federation *gomatrixserverlib.FederationClient,
 ) (*authtypes.Profile, error) {
 	localpart, domain, err := gomatrixserverlib.SplitID('@', userID)
diff --git a/clientapi/routing/routing.go b/clientapi/routing/routing.go
index f9f71ed7..94becf46 100644
--- a/clientapi/routing/routing.go
+++ b/clientapi/routing/routing.go
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ func Setup(
 	publicAPIMux, synapseAdminRouter, dendriteAdminRouter *mux.Router,
 	cfg *config.ClientAPI,
 	rsAPI roomserverAPI.ClientRoomserverAPI,
-	asAPI appserviceAPI.AppServiceQueryAPI,
+	asAPI appserviceAPI.AppServiceInternalAPI,
 	userAPI userapi.ClientUserAPI,
 	userDirectoryProvider userapi.QuerySearchProfilesAPI,
 	federation *gomatrixserverlib.FederationClient,
diff --git a/clientapi/routing/server_notices.go b/clientapi/routing/server_notices.go
index 9c34f2e1..9edeed2f 100644
--- a/clientapi/routing/server_notices.go
+++ b/clientapi/routing/server_notices.go
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ func SendServerNotice(
 	cfgClient *config.ClientAPI,
 	userAPI userapi.ClientUserAPI,
 	rsAPI api.ClientRoomserverAPI,
-	asAPI appserviceAPI.AppServiceQueryAPI,
+	asAPI appserviceAPI.AppServiceInternalAPI,
 	device *userapi.Device,
 	senderDevice *userapi.Device,
 	txnID *string,
diff --git a/clientapi/routing/upgrade_room.go b/clientapi/routing/upgrade_room.go
index 505bf8f5..744e2d88 100644
--- a/clientapi/routing/upgrade_room.go
+++ b/clientapi/routing/upgrade_room.go
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ func UpgradeRoom(
 	cfg *config.ClientAPI,
 	roomID string, profileAPI userapi.ClientUserAPI,
 	rsAPI roomserverAPI.ClientRoomserverAPI,
-	asAPI appserviceAPI.AppServiceQueryAPI,
+	asAPI appserviceAPI.AppServiceInternalAPI,
 ) util.JSONResponse {
 	var r upgradeRoomRequest
 	if rErr := httputil.UnmarshalJSONRequest(req, &r); rErr != nil {
diff --git a/cmd/dendrite-monolith-server/main.go b/cmd/dendrite-monolith-server/main.go
index 2fa4675a..845b9e46 100644
--- a/cmd/dendrite-monolith-server/main.go
+++ b/cmd/dendrite-monolith-server/main.go
@@ -89,6 +89,7 @@ func main() {
 	fsAPI := federationapi.NewInternalAPI(
 		base, federation, rsAPI, base.Caches, nil, false,
 	)
+	fsImplAPI := fsAPI
 	if base.UseHTTPAPIs {
 		federationapi.AddInternalRoutes(base.InternalAPIMux, fsAPI)
 		fsAPI = base.FederationAPIHTTPClient()
@@ -138,7 +139,10 @@ func main() {
 		FedClient: federation,
 		KeyRing:   keyRing,
 
-		AppserviceAPI: asAPI, FederationAPI: fsAPI,
+		AppserviceAPI: asAPI,
+		// always use the concrete impl here even in -http mode because adding public routes
+		// must be done on the concrete impl not an HTTP client else fedapi will call itself
+		FederationAPI: fsImplAPI,
 		RoomserverAPI: rsAPI,
 		UserAPI:       userAPI,
 		KeyAPI:        keyAPI,
diff --git a/federationapi/api/api.go b/federationapi/api/api.go
index 87b03718..fc25194e 100644
--- a/federationapi/api/api.go
+++ b/federationapi/api/api.go
@@ -10,30 +10,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/matrix-org/gomatrixserverlib"
 )
 
-// FederationClient is a subset of gomatrixserverlib.FederationClient functions which the fedsender
-// implements as proxy calls, with built-in backoff/retries/etc. Errors returned from functions in
-// this interface are of type FederationClientError
-type FederationClient interface {
-	gomatrixserverlib.FederatedStateClient
-	GetUserDevices(ctx context.Context, s gomatrixserverlib.ServerName, userID string) (res gomatrixserverlib.RespUserDevices, err error)
-	ClaimKeys(ctx context.Context, s gomatrixserverlib.ServerName, oneTimeKeys map[string]map[string]string) (res gomatrixserverlib.RespClaimKeys, err error)
-	QueryKeys(ctx context.Context, s gomatrixserverlib.ServerName, keys map[string][]string) (res gomatrixserverlib.RespQueryKeys, err error)
-	MSC2836EventRelationships(ctx context.Context, dst gomatrixserverlib.ServerName, r gomatrixserverlib.MSC2836EventRelationshipsRequest, roomVersion gomatrixserverlib.RoomVersion) (res gomatrixserverlib.MSC2836EventRelationshipsResponse, err error)
-	MSC2946Spaces(ctx context.Context, dst gomatrixserverlib.ServerName, roomID string, suggestedOnly bool) (res gomatrixserverlib.MSC2946SpacesResponse, err error)
-	LookupServerKeys(ctx context.Context, s gomatrixserverlib.ServerName, keyRequests map[gomatrixserverlib.PublicKeyLookupRequest]gomatrixserverlib.Timestamp) ([]gomatrixserverlib.ServerKeys, error)
-}
-
-// FederationClientError is returned from FederationClient methods in the event of a problem.
-type FederationClientError struct {
-	Err         string
-	RetryAfter  time.Duration
-	Blacklisted bool
-}
-
-func (e *FederationClientError) Error() string {
-	return fmt.Sprintf("%s - (retry_after=%s, blacklisted=%v)", e.Err, e.RetryAfter.String(), e.Blacklisted)
-}
-
 // FederationInternalAPI is used to query information from the federation sender.
 type FederationInternalAPI interface {
 	FederationClient
@@ -43,22 +19,7 @@ type FederationInternalAPI interface {
 
 	QueryServerKeys(ctx context.Context, request *QueryServerKeysRequest, response *QueryServerKeysResponse) error
 
-	// Query the server names of the joined hosts in a room.
-	// Unlike QueryJoinedHostsInRoom, this function returns a de-duplicated slice
-	// containing only the server names (without information for membership events).
-	// The response will include this server if they are joined to the room.
-	QueryJoinedHostServerNamesInRoom(
-		ctx context.Context,
-		request *QueryJoinedHostServerNamesInRoomRequest,
-		response *QueryJoinedHostServerNamesInRoomResponse,
-	) error
-	// Notifies the federation sender that these servers may be online and to retry sending messages.
-	PerformServersAlive(
-		ctx context.Context,
-		request *PerformServersAliveRequest,
-		response *PerformServersAliveResponse,
-	) error
-	// Broadcasts an EDU to all servers in rooms we are joined to.
+	// Broadcasts an EDU to all servers in rooms we are joined to. Used in the yggdrasil demos.
 	PerformBroadcastEDU(
 		ctx context.Context,
 		request *PerformBroadcastEDURequest,
@@ -67,6 +28,10 @@ type FederationInternalAPI interface {
 }
 
 type ClientFederationAPI interface {
+	// Query the server names of the joined hosts in a room.
+	// Unlike QueryJoinedHostsInRoom, this function returns a de-duplicated slice
+	// containing only the server names (without information for membership events).
+	// The response will include this server if they are joined to the room.
 	QueryJoinedHostServerNamesInRoom(ctx context.Context, request *QueryJoinedHostServerNamesInRoomRequest, response *QueryJoinedHostServerNamesInRoomResponse) error
 }
 
@@ -95,6 +60,30 @@ type RoomserverFederationAPI interface {
 	LookupMissingEvents(ctx context.Context, s gomatrixserverlib.ServerName, roomID string, missing gomatrixserverlib.MissingEvents, roomVersion gomatrixserverlib.RoomVersion) (res gomatrixserverlib.RespMissingEvents, err error)
 }
 
+// FederationClient is a subset of gomatrixserverlib.FederationClient functions which the fedsender
+// implements as proxy calls, with built-in backoff/retries/etc. Errors returned from functions in
+// this interface are of type FederationClientError
+type FederationClient interface {
+	gomatrixserverlib.FederatedStateClient
+	GetUserDevices(ctx context.Context, s gomatrixserverlib.ServerName, userID string) (res gomatrixserverlib.RespUserDevices, err error)
+	ClaimKeys(ctx context.Context, s gomatrixserverlib.ServerName, oneTimeKeys map[string]map[string]string) (res gomatrixserverlib.RespClaimKeys, err error)
+	QueryKeys(ctx context.Context, s gomatrixserverlib.ServerName, keys map[string][]string) (res gomatrixserverlib.RespQueryKeys, err error)
+	MSC2836EventRelationships(ctx context.Context, dst gomatrixserverlib.ServerName, r gomatrixserverlib.MSC2836EventRelationshipsRequest, roomVersion gomatrixserverlib.RoomVersion) (res gomatrixserverlib.MSC2836EventRelationshipsResponse, err error)
+	MSC2946Spaces(ctx context.Context, dst gomatrixserverlib.ServerName, roomID string, suggestedOnly bool) (res gomatrixserverlib.MSC2946SpacesResponse, err error)
+	LookupServerKeys(ctx context.Context, s gomatrixserverlib.ServerName, keyRequests map[gomatrixserverlib.PublicKeyLookupRequest]gomatrixserverlib.Timestamp) ([]gomatrixserverlib.ServerKeys, error)
+}
+
+// FederationClientError is returned from FederationClient methods in the event of a problem.
+type FederationClientError struct {
+	Err         string
+	RetryAfter  time.Duration
+	Blacklisted bool
+}
+
+func (e *FederationClientError) Error() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%s - (retry_after=%s, blacklisted=%v)", e.Err, e.RetryAfter.String(), e.Blacklisted)
+}
+
 type QueryServerKeysRequest struct {
 	ServerName      gomatrixserverlib.ServerName
 	KeyIDToCriteria map[gomatrixserverlib.KeyID]gomatrixserverlib.PublicKeyNotaryQueryCriteria
@@ -174,13 +163,6 @@ type PerformInviteResponse struct {
 	Event *gomatrixserverlib.HeaderedEvent `json:"event"`
 }
 
-type PerformServersAliveRequest struct {
-	Servers []gomatrixserverlib.ServerName
-}
-
-type PerformServersAliveResponse struct {
-}
-
 // QueryJoinedHostServerNamesInRoomRequest is a request to QueryJoinedHostServerNames
 type QueryJoinedHostServerNamesInRoomRequest struct {
 	RoomID      string `json:"room_id"`
diff --git a/federationapi/federationapi.go b/federationapi/federationapi.go
index 632994db..e52377c9 100644
--- a/federationapi/federationapi.go
+++ b/federationapi/federationapi.go
@@ -50,8 +50,8 @@ func AddPublicRoutes(
 	federation *gomatrixserverlib.FederationClient,
 	keyRing gomatrixserverlib.JSONVerifier,
 	rsAPI roomserverAPI.FederationRoomserverAPI,
-	federationAPI federationAPI.FederationInternalAPI,
-	keyAPI keyserverAPI.KeyInternalAPI,
+	fedAPI federationAPI.FederationInternalAPI,
+	keyAPI keyserverAPI.FederationKeyAPI,
 	servers federationAPI.ServersInRoomProvider,
 ) {
 	cfg := &base.Cfg.FederationAPI
@@ -67,12 +67,23 @@ func AddPublicRoutes(
 		UserAPI:                userAPI,
 	}
 
+	// the federationapi component is a bit unique in that it attaches public routes AND serves
+	// internal APIs (because it used to be 2 components: the 2nd being fedsender). As a result,
+	// the constructor shape is a bit wonky in that it is not valid to AddPublicRoutes without a
+	// concrete impl of FederationInternalAPI as the public routes and the internal API _should_
+	// be the same thing now.
+	f, ok := fedAPI.(*internal.FederationInternalAPI)
+	if !ok {
+		panic("federationapi.AddPublicRoutes called with a FederationInternalAPI impl which was not " +
+			"FederationInternalAPI. This is a programming error.")
+	}
+
 	routing.Setup(
 		base.PublicFederationAPIMux,
 		base.PublicKeyAPIMux,
 		base.PublicWellKnownAPIMux,
 		cfg,
-		rsAPI, federationAPI, keyRing,
+		rsAPI, f, keyRing,
 		federation, userAPI, keyAPI, mscCfg,
 		servers, producer,
 	)
diff --git a/federationapi/federationapi_test.go b/federationapi/federationapi_test.go
index 68724164..eedebc6c 100644
--- a/federationapi/federationapi_test.go
+++ b/federationapi/federationapi_test.go
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import (
 	"testing"
 
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/federationapi"
+	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/federationapi/internal"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/internal/test"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/setup/base"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/setup/config"
@@ -27,10 +28,9 @@ func TestRoomsV3URLEscapeDoNot404(t *testing.T) {
 	cfg.FederationAPI.Database.ConnectionString = config.DataSource("file::memory:")
 	base := base.NewBaseDendrite(cfg, "Monolith")
 	keyRing := &test.NopJSONVerifier{}
-	fsAPI := base.FederationAPIHTTPClient()
 	// TODO: This is pretty fragile, as if anything calls anything on these nils this test will break.
 	// Unfortunately, it makes little sense to instantiate these dependencies when we just want to test routing.
-	federationapi.AddPublicRoutes(base, nil, nil, keyRing, nil, fsAPI, nil, nil)
+	federationapi.AddPublicRoutes(base, nil, nil, keyRing, nil, &internal.FederationInternalAPI{}, nil, nil)
 	baseURL, cancel := test.ListenAndServe(t, base.PublicFederationAPIMux, true)
 	defer cancel()
 	serverName := gomatrixserverlib.ServerName(strings.TrimPrefix(baseURL, "https://"))
diff --git a/federationapi/internal/perform.go b/federationapi/internal/perform.go
index aac36cc7..577cb70e 100644
--- a/federationapi/internal/perform.go
+++ b/federationapi/internal/perform.go
@@ -563,20 +563,6 @@ func (r *FederationInternalAPI) PerformInvite(
 	return nil
 }
 
-// PerformServersAlive implements api.FederationInternalAPI
-func (r *FederationInternalAPI) PerformServersAlive(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.PerformServersAliveRequest,
-	response *api.PerformServersAliveResponse,
-) (err error) {
-	for _, srv := range request.Servers {
-		_ = r.db.RemoveServerFromBlacklist(srv)
-		r.queues.RetryServer(srv)
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
 // PerformServersAlive implements api.FederationInternalAPI
 func (r *FederationInternalAPI) PerformBroadcastEDU(
 	ctx context.Context,
@@ -600,18 +586,18 @@ func (r *FederationInternalAPI) PerformBroadcastEDU(
 	if err = r.queues.SendEDU(edu, r.cfg.Matrix.ServerName, destinations); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("r.queues.SendEDU: %w", err)
 	}
-
-	wakeReq := &api.PerformServersAliveRequest{
-		Servers: destinations,
-	}
-	wakeRes := &api.PerformServersAliveResponse{}
-	if err := r.PerformServersAlive(ctx, wakeReq, wakeRes); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("r.PerformServersAlive: %w", err)
-	}
+	r.MarkServersAlive(destinations)
 
 	return nil
 }
 
+func (r *FederationInternalAPI) MarkServersAlive(destinations []gomatrixserverlib.ServerName) {
+	for _, srv := range destinations {
+		_ = r.db.RemoveServerFromBlacklist(srv)
+		r.queues.RetryServer(srv)
+	}
+}
+
 func sanityCheckAuthChain(authChain []*gomatrixserverlib.Event) error {
 	// sanity check we have a create event and it has a known room version
 	for _, ev := range authChain {
diff --git a/federationapi/inthttp/client.go b/federationapi/inthttp/client.go
index 01ca6595..295ddc49 100644
--- a/federationapi/inthttp/client.go
+++ b/federationapi/inthttp/client.go
@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@ const (
 	FederationAPIPerformLeaveRequestPath           = "/federationapi/performLeaveRequest"
 	FederationAPIPerformInviteRequestPath          = "/federationapi/performInviteRequest"
 	FederationAPIPerformOutboundPeekRequestPath    = "/federationapi/performOutboundPeekRequest"
-	FederationAPIPerformServersAlivePath           = "/federationapi/performServersAlive"
 	FederationAPIPerformBroadcastEDUPath           = "/federationapi/performBroadcastEDU"
 
 	FederationAPIGetUserDevicesPath      = "/federationapi/client/getUserDevices"
@@ -97,18 +96,6 @@ func (h *httpFederationInternalAPI) PerformOutboundPeek(
 	return httputil.PostJSON(ctx, span, h.httpClient, apiURL, request, response)
 }
 
-func (h *httpFederationInternalAPI) PerformServersAlive(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.PerformServersAliveRequest,
-	response *api.PerformServersAliveResponse,
-) error {
-	span, ctx := opentracing.StartSpanFromContext(ctx, "PerformServersAlive")
-	defer span.Finish()
-
-	apiURL := h.federationAPIURL + FederationAPIPerformServersAlivePath
-	return httputil.PostJSON(ctx, span, h.httpClient, apiURL, request, response)
-}
-
 // QueryJoinedHostServerNamesInRoom implements FederationInternalAPI
 func (h *httpFederationInternalAPI) QueryJoinedHostServerNamesInRoom(
 	ctx context.Context,
diff --git a/federationapi/inthttp/server.go b/federationapi/inthttp/server.go
index ca4930f2..28e52b32 100644
--- a/federationapi/inthttp/server.go
+++ b/federationapi/inthttp/server.go
@@ -81,20 +81,6 @@ func AddRoutes(intAPI api.FederationInternalAPI, internalAPIMux *mux.Router) {
 			return util.JSONResponse{Code: http.StatusOK, JSON: &response}
 		}),
 	)
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		FederationAPIPerformServersAlivePath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalAPI("PerformServersAliveRequest", func(req *http.Request) util.JSONResponse {
-			var request api.PerformServersAliveRequest
-			var response api.PerformServersAliveResponse
-			if err := json.NewDecoder(req.Body).Decode(&request); err != nil {
-				return util.MessageResponse(http.StatusBadRequest, err.Error())
-			}
-			if err := intAPI.PerformServersAlive(req.Context(), &request, &response); err != nil {
-				return util.ErrorResponse(err)
-			}
-			return util.JSONResponse{Code: http.StatusOK, JSON: &response}
-		}),
-	)
 	internalAPIMux.Handle(
 		FederationAPIPerformBroadcastEDUPath,
 		httputil.MakeInternalAPI("PerformBroadcastEDU", func(req *http.Request) util.JSONResponse {
diff --git a/federationapi/routing/devices.go b/federationapi/routing/devices.go
index 57286fa9..1a092645 100644
--- a/federationapi/routing/devices.go
+++ b/federationapi/routing/devices.go
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ import (
 // GetUserDevices for the given user id
 func GetUserDevices(
 	req *http.Request,
-	keyAPI keyapi.KeyInternalAPI,
+	keyAPI keyapi.FederationKeyAPI,
 	userID string,
 ) util.JSONResponse {
 	var res keyapi.QueryDeviceMessagesResponse
diff --git a/federationapi/routing/keys.go b/federationapi/routing/keys.go
index 49a6c558..b1a9b671 100644
--- a/federationapi/routing/keys.go
+++ b/federationapi/routing/keys.go
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ type queryKeysRequest struct {
 // QueryDeviceKeys returns device keys for users on this server.
 // https://matrix.org/docs/spec/server_server/latest#post-matrix-federation-v1-user-keys-query
 func QueryDeviceKeys(
-	httpReq *http.Request, request *gomatrixserverlib.FederationRequest, keyAPI api.KeyInternalAPI, thisServer gomatrixserverlib.ServerName,
+	httpReq *http.Request, request *gomatrixserverlib.FederationRequest, keyAPI api.FederationKeyAPI, thisServer gomatrixserverlib.ServerName,
 ) util.JSONResponse {
 	var qkr queryKeysRequest
 	err := json.Unmarshal(request.Content(), &qkr)
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ type claimOTKsRequest struct {
 // ClaimOneTimeKeys claims OTKs for users on this server.
 // https://matrix.org/docs/spec/server_server/latest#post-matrix-federation-v1-user-keys-claim
 func ClaimOneTimeKeys(
-	httpReq *http.Request, request *gomatrixserverlib.FederationRequest, keyAPI api.KeyInternalAPI, thisServer gomatrixserverlib.ServerName,
+	httpReq *http.Request, request *gomatrixserverlib.FederationRequest, keyAPI api.FederationKeyAPI, thisServer gomatrixserverlib.ServerName,
 ) util.JSONResponse {
 	var cor claimOTKsRequest
 	err := json.Unmarshal(request.Content(), &cor)
diff --git a/federationapi/routing/routing.go b/federationapi/routing/routing.go
index 51adc279..9f95ed07 100644
--- a/federationapi/routing/routing.go
+++ b/federationapi/routing/routing.go
@@ -18,10 +18,14 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
 	"net/http"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
 
+	"github.com/getsentry/sentry-go"
 	"github.com/gorilla/mux"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/clientapi/jsonerror"
 	federationAPI "github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/federationapi/api"
+	fedInternal "github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/federationapi/internal"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/federationapi/producers"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/internal"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/internal/httputil"
@@ -48,11 +52,11 @@ func Setup(
 	fedMux, keyMux, wkMux *mux.Router,
 	cfg *config.FederationAPI,
 	rsAPI roomserverAPI.FederationRoomserverAPI,
-	fsAPI federationAPI.FederationInternalAPI,
+	fsAPI *fedInternal.FederationInternalAPI,
 	keys gomatrixserverlib.JSONVerifier,
 	federation *gomatrixserverlib.FederationClient,
 	userAPI userapi.FederationUserAPI,
-	keyAPI keyserverAPI.KeyInternalAPI,
+	keyAPI keyserverAPI.FederationKeyAPI,
 	mscCfg *config.MSCs,
 	servers federationAPI.ServersInRoomProvider,
 	producer *producers.SyncAPIProducer,
@@ -65,7 +69,7 @@ func Setup(
 	v1fedmux := fedMux.PathPrefix("/v1").Subrouter()
 	v2fedmux := fedMux.PathPrefix("/v2").Subrouter()
 
-	wakeup := &httputil.FederationWakeups{
+	wakeup := &FederationWakeups{
 		FsAPI: fsAPI,
 	}
 
@@ -119,7 +123,7 @@ func Setup(
 	v2keysmux.Handle("/query/{serverName}/{keyID}", notaryKeys).Methods(http.MethodGet)
 
 	mu := internal.NewMutexByRoom()
-	v1fedmux.Handle("/send/{txnID}", httputil.MakeFedAPI(
+	v1fedmux.Handle("/send/{txnID}", MakeFedAPI(
 		"federation_send", cfg.Matrix.ServerName, keys, wakeup,
 		func(httpReq *http.Request, request *gomatrixserverlib.FederationRequest, vars map[string]string) util.JSONResponse {
 			return Send(
@@ -129,7 +133,7 @@ func Setup(
 		},
 	)).Methods(http.MethodPut, http.MethodOptions)
 
-	v1fedmux.Handle("/invite/{roomID}/{eventID}", httputil.MakeFedAPI(
+	v1fedmux.Handle("/invite/{roomID}/{eventID}", MakeFedAPI(
 		"federation_invite", cfg.Matrix.ServerName, keys, wakeup,
 		func(httpReq *http.Request, request *gomatrixserverlib.FederationRequest, vars map[string]string) util.JSONResponse {
 			if roomserverAPI.IsServerBannedFromRoom(httpReq.Context(), rsAPI, vars["roomID"], request.Origin()) {
@@ -145,7 +149,7 @@ func Setup(
 		},
 	)).Methods(http.MethodPut, http.MethodOptions)
 
-	v2fedmux.Handle("/invite/{roomID}/{eventID}", httputil.MakeFedAPI(
+	v2fedmux.Handle("/invite/{roomID}/{eventID}", MakeFedAPI(
 		"federation_invite", cfg.Matrix.ServerName, keys, wakeup,
 		func(httpReq *http.Request, request *gomatrixserverlib.FederationRequest, vars map[string]string) util.JSONResponse {
 			if roomserverAPI.IsServerBannedFromRoom(httpReq.Context(), rsAPI, vars["roomID"], request.Origin()) {
@@ -167,7 +171,7 @@ func Setup(
 		},
 	)).Methods(http.MethodPost, http.MethodOptions)
 
-	v1fedmux.Handle("/exchange_third_party_invite/{roomID}", httputil.MakeFedAPI(
+	v1fedmux.Handle("/exchange_third_party_invite/{roomID}", MakeFedAPI(
 		"exchange_third_party_invite", cfg.Matrix.ServerName, keys, wakeup,
 		func(httpReq *http.Request, request *gomatrixserverlib.FederationRequest, vars map[string]string) util.JSONResponse {
 			return ExchangeThirdPartyInvite(
@@ -176,7 +180,7 @@ func Setup(
 		},
 	)).Methods(http.MethodPut, http.MethodOptions)
 
-	v1fedmux.Handle("/event/{eventID}", httputil.MakeFedAPI(
+	v1fedmux.Handle("/event/{eventID}", MakeFedAPI(
 		"federation_get_event", cfg.Matrix.ServerName, keys, wakeup,
 		func(httpReq *http.Request, request *gomatrixserverlib.FederationRequest, vars map[string]string) util.JSONResponse {
 			return GetEvent(
@@ -185,7 +189,7 @@ func Setup(
 		},
 	)).Methods(http.MethodGet)
 
-	v1fedmux.Handle("/state/{roomID}", httputil.MakeFedAPI(
+	v1fedmux.Handle("/state/{roomID}", MakeFedAPI(
 		"federation_get_state", cfg.Matrix.ServerName, keys, wakeup,
 		func(httpReq *http.Request, request *gomatrixserverlib.FederationRequest, vars map[string]string) util.JSONResponse {
 			if roomserverAPI.IsServerBannedFromRoom(httpReq.Context(), rsAPI, vars["roomID"], request.Origin()) {
@@ -200,7 +204,7 @@ func Setup(
 		},
 	)).Methods(http.MethodGet)
 
-	v1fedmux.Handle("/state_ids/{roomID}", httputil.MakeFedAPI(
+	v1fedmux.Handle("/state_ids/{roomID}", MakeFedAPI(
 		"federation_get_state_ids", cfg.Matrix.ServerName, keys, wakeup,
 		func(httpReq *http.Request, request *gomatrixserverlib.FederationRequest, vars map[string]string) util.JSONResponse {
 			if roomserverAPI.IsServerBannedFromRoom(httpReq.Context(), rsAPI, vars["roomID"], request.Origin()) {
@@ -215,7 +219,7 @@ func Setup(
 		},
 	)).Methods(http.MethodGet)
 
-	v1fedmux.Handle("/event_auth/{roomID}/{eventID}", httputil.MakeFedAPI(
+	v1fedmux.Handle("/event_auth/{roomID}/{eventID}", MakeFedAPI(
 		"federation_get_event_auth", cfg.Matrix.ServerName, keys, wakeup,
 		func(httpReq *http.Request, request *gomatrixserverlib.FederationRequest, vars map[string]string) util.JSONResponse {
 			if roomserverAPI.IsServerBannedFromRoom(httpReq.Context(), rsAPI, vars["roomID"], request.Origin()) {
@@ -230,7 +234,7 @@ func Setup(
 		},
 	)).Methods(http.MethodGet)
 
-	v1fedmux.Handle("/query/directory", httputil.MakeFedAPI(
+	v1fedmux.Handle("/query/directory", MakeFedAPI(
 		"federation_query_room_alias", cfg.Matrix.ServerName, keys, wakeup,
 		func(httpReq *http.Request, request *gomatrixserverlib.FederationRequest, vars map[string]string) util.JSONResponse {
 			return RoomAliasToID(
@@ -239,7 +243,7 @@ func Setup(
 		},
 	)).Methods(http.MethodGet)
 
-	v1fedmux.Handle("/query/profile", httputil.MakeFedAPI(
+	v1fedmux.Handle("/query/profile", MakeFedAPI(
 		"federation_query_profile", cfg.Matrix.ServerName, keys, wakeup,
 		func(httpReq *http.Request, request *gomatrixserverlib.FederationRequest, vars map[string]string) util.JSONResponse {
 			return GetProfile(
@@ -248,7 +252,7 @@ func Setup(
 		},
 	)).Methods(http.MethodGet)
 
-	v1fedmux.Handle("/user/devices/{userID}", httputil.MakeFedAPI(
+	v1fedmux.Handle("/user/devices/{userID}", MakeFedAPI(
 		"federation_user_devices", cfg.Matrix.ServerName, keys, wakeup,
 		func(httpReq *http.Request, request *gomatrixserverlib.FederationRequest, vars map[string]string) util.JSONResponse {
 			return GetUserDevices(
@@ -258,7 +262,7 @@ func Setup(
 	)).Methods(http.MethodGet)
 
 	if mscCfg.Enabled("msc2444") {
-		v1fedmux.Handle("/peek/{roomID}/{peekID}", httputil.MakeFedAPI(
+		v1fedmux.Handle("/peek/{roomID}/{peekID}", MakeFedAPI(
 			"federation_peek", cfg.Matrix.ServerName, keys, wakeup,
 			func(httpReq *http.Request, request *gomatrixserverlib.FederationRequest, vars map[string]string) util.JSONResponse {
 				if roomserverAPI.IsServerBannedFromRoom(httpReq.Context(), rsAPI, vars["roomID"], request.Origin()) {
@@ -289,7 +293,7 @@ func Setup(
 		)).Methods(http.MethodPut, http.MethodDelete)
 	}
 
-	v1fedmux.Handle("/make_join/{roomID}/{userID}", httputil.MakeFedAPI(
+	v1fedmux.Handle("/make_join/{roomID}/{userID}", MakeFedAPI(
 		"federation_make_join", cfg.Matrix.ServerName, keys, wakeup,
 		func(httpReq *http.Request, request *gomatrixserverlib.FederationRequest, vars map[string]string) util.JSONResponse {
 			if roomserverAPI.IsServerBannedFromRoom(httpReq.Context(), rsAPI, vars["roomID"], request.Origin()) {
@@ -320,7 +324,7 @@ func Setup(
 		},
 	)).Methods(http.MethodGet)
 
-	v1fedmux.Handle("/send_join/{roomID}/{eventID}", httputil.MakeFedAPI(
+	v1fedmux.Handle("/send_join/{roomID}/{eventID}", MakeFedAPI(
 		"federation_send_join", cfg.Matrix.ServerName, keys, wakeup,
 		func(httpReq *http.Request, request *gomatrixserverlib.FederationRequest, vars map[string]string) util.JSONResponse {
 			if roomserverAPI.IsServerBannedFromRoom(httpReq.Context(), rsAPI, vars["roomID"], request.Origin()) {
@@ -352,7 +356,7 @@ func Setup(
 		},
 	)).Methods(http.MethodPut)
 
-	v2fedmux.Handle("/send_join/{roomID}/{eventID}", httputil.MakeFedAPI(
+	v2fedmux.Handle("/send_join/{roomID}/{eventID}", MakeFedAPI(
 		"federation_send_join", cfg.Matrix.ServerName, keys, wakeup,
 		func(httpReq *http.Request, request *gomatrixserverlib.FederationRequest, vars map[string]string) util.JSONResponse {
 			if roomserverAPI.IsServerBannedFromRoom(httpReq.Context(), rsAPI, vars["roomID"], request.Origin()) {
@@ -369,7 +373,7 @@ func Setup(
 		},
 	)).Methods(http.MethodPut)
 
-	v1fedmux.Handle("/make_leave/{roomID}/{eventID}", httputil.MakeFedAPI(
+	v1fedmux.Handle("/make_leave/{roomID}/{eventID}", MakeFedAPI(
 		"federation_make_leave", cfg.Matrix.ServerName, keys, wakeup,
 		func(httpReq *http.Request, request *gomatrixserverlib.FederationRequest, vars map[string]string) util.JSONResponse {
 			if roomserverAPI.IsServerBannedFromRoom(httpReq.Context(), rsAPI, vars["roomID"], request.Origin()) {
@@ -386,7 +390,7 @@ func Setup(
 		},
 	)).Methods(http.MethodGet)
 
-	v1fedmux.Handle("/send_leave/{roomID}/{eventID}", httputil.MakeFedAPI(
+	v1fedmux.Handle("/send_leave/{roomID}/{eventID}", MakeFedAPI(
 		"federation_send_leave", cfg.Matrix.ServerName, keys, wakeup,
 		func(httpReq *http.Request, request *gomatrixserverlib.FederationRequest, vars map[string]string) util.JSONResponse {
 			if roomserverAPI.IsServerBannedFromRoom(httpReq.Context(), rsAPI, vars["roomID"], request.Origin()) {
@@ -418,7 +422,7 @@ func Setup(
 		},
 	)).Methods(http.MethodPut)
 
-	v2fedmux.Handle("/send_leave/{roomID}/{eventID}", httputil.MakeFedAPI(
+	v2fedmux.Handle("/send_leave/{roomID}/{eventID}", MakeFedAPI(
 		"federation_send_leave", cfg.Matrix.ServerName, keys, wakeup,
 		func(httpReq *http.Request, request *gomatrixserverlib.FederationRequest, vars map[string]string) util.JSONResponse {
 			if roomserverAPI.IsServerBannedFromRoom(httpReq.Context(), rsAPI, vars["roomID"], request.Origin()) {
@@ -442,7 +446,7 @@ func Setup(
 		},
 	)).Methods(http.MethodGet)
 
-	v1fedmux.Handle("/get_missing_events/{roomID}", httputil.MakeFedAPI(
+	v1fedmux.Handle("/get_missing_events/{roomID}", MakeFedAPI(
 		"federation_get_missing_events", cfg.Matrix.ServerName, keys, wakeup,
 		func(httpReq *http.Request, request *gomatrixserverlib.FederationRequest, vars map[string]string) util.JSONResponse {
 			if roomserverAPI.IsServerBannedFromRoom(httpReq.Context(), rsAPI, vars["roomID"], request.Origin()) {
@@ -455,7 +459,7 @@ func Setup(
 		},
 	)).Methods(http.MethodPost)
 
-	v1fedmux.Handle("/backfill/{roomID}", httputil.MakeFedAPI(
+	v1fedmux.Handle("/backfill/{roomID}", MakeFedAPI(
 		"federation_backfill", cfg.Matrix.ServerName, keys, wakeup,
 		func(httpReq *http.Request, request *gomatrixserverlib.FederationRequest, vars map[string]string) util.JSONResponse {
 			if roomserverAPI.IsServerBannedFromRoom(httpReq.Context(), rsAPI, vars["roomID"], request.Origin()) {
@@ -474,14 +478,14 @@ func Setup(
 		}),
 	).Methods(http.MethodGet, http.MethodPost)
 
-	v1fedmux.Handle("/user/keys/claim", httputil.MakeFedAPI(
+	v1fedmux.Handle("/user/keys/claim", MakeFedAPI(
 		"federation_keys_claim", cfg.Matrix.ServerName, keys, wakeup,
 		func(httpReq *http.Request, request *gomatrixserverlib.FederationRequest, vars map[string]string) util.JSONResponse {
 			return ClaimOneTimeKeys(httpReq, request, keyAPI, cfg.Matrix.ServerName)
 		},
 	)).Methods(http.MethodPost)
 
-	v1fedmux.Handle("/user/keys/query", httputil.MakeFedAPI(
+	v1fedmux.Handle("/user/keys/query", MakeFedAPI(
 		"federation_keys_query", cfg.Matrix.ServerName, keys, wakeup,
 		func(httpReq *http.Request, request *gomatrixserverlib.FederationRequest, vars map[string]string) util.JSONResponse {
 			return QueryDeviceKeys(httpReq, request, keyAPI, cfg.Matrix.ServerName)
@@ -518,3 +522,67 @@ func ErrorIfLocalServerNotInRoom(
 	}
 	return nil
 }
+
+// MakeFedAPI makes an http.Handler that checks matrix federation authentication.
+func MakeFedAPI(
+	metricsName string,
+	serverName gomatrixserverlib.ServerName,
+	keyRing gomatrixserverlib.JSONVerifier,
+	wakeup *FederationWakeups,
+	f func(*http.Request, *gomatrixserverlib.FederationRequest, map[string]string) util.JSONResponse,
+) http.Handler {
+	h := func(req *http.Request) util.JSONResponse {
+		fedReq, errResp := gomatrixserverlib.VerifyHTTPRequest(
+			req, time.Now(), serverName, keyRing,
+		)
+		if fedReq == nil {
+			return errResp
+		}
+		// add the user to Sentry, if enabled
+		hub := sentry.GetHubFromContext(req.Context())
+		if hub != nil {
+			hub.Scope().SetTag("origin", string(fedReq.Origin()))
+			hub.Scope().SetTag("uri", fedReq.RequestURI())
+		}
+		defer func() {
+			if r := recover(); r != nil {
+				if hub != nil {
+					hub.CaptureException(fmt.Errorf("%s panicked", req.URL.Path))
+				}
+				// re-panic to return the 500
+				panic(r)
+			}
+		}()
+		go wakeup.Wakeup(req.Context(), fedReq.Origin())
+		vars, err := httputil.URLDecodeMapValues(mux.Vars(req))
+		if err != nil {
+			return util.MatrixErrorResponse(400, "M_UNRECOGNISED", "badly encoded query params")
+		}
+
+		jsonRes := f(req, fedReq, vars)
+		// do not log 4xx as errors as they are client fails, not server fails
+		if hub != nil && jsonRes.Code >= 500 {
+			hub.Scope().SetExtra("response", jsonRes)
+			hub.CaptureException(fmt.Errorf("%s returned HTTP %d", req.URL.Path, jsonRes.Code))
+		}
+		return jsonRes
+	}
+	return httputil.MakeExternalAPI(metricsName, h)
+}
+
+type FederationWakeups struct {
+	FsAPI   *fedInternal.FederationInternalAPI
+	origins sync.Map
+}
+
+func (f *FederationWakeups) Wakeup(ctx context.Context, origin gomatrixserverlib.ServerName) {
+	key, keyok := f.origins.Load(origin)
+	if keyok {
+		lastTime, ok := key.(time.Time)
+		if ok && time.Since(lastTime) < time.Minute {
+			return
+		}
+	}
+	f.FsAPI.MarkServersAlive([]gomatrixserverlib.ServerName{origin})
+	f.origins.Store(origin, time.Now())
+}
diff --git a/federationapi/routing/send.go b/federationapi/routing/send.go
index b9b6d33b..55a11367 100644
--- a/federationapi/routing/send.go
+++ b/federationapi/routing/send.go
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ func Send(
 	txnID gomatrixserverlib.TransactionID,
 	cfg *config.FederationAPI,
 	rsAPI api.FederationRoomserverAPI,
-	keyAPI keyapi.KeyInternalAPI,
+	keyAPI keyapi.FederationKeyAPI,
 	keys gomatrixserverlib.JSONVerifier,
 	federation *gomatrixserverlib.FederationClient,
 	mu *internal.MutexByRoom,
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ func Send(
 type txnReq struct {
 	gomatrixserverlib.Transaction
 	rsAPI                  api.FederationRoomserverAPI
-	keyAPI                 keyapi.KeyInternalAPI
+	keyAPI                 keyapi.FederationKeyAPI
 	ourServerName          gomatrixserverlib.ServerName
 	keys                   gomatrixserverlib.JSONVerifier
 	federation             txnFederationClient
diff --git a/internal/httputil/httpapi.go b/internal/httputil/httpapi.go
index 3a818cc5..aba50ae4 100644
--- a/internal/httputil/httpapi.go
+++ b/internal/httputil/httpapi.go
@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@
 package httputil
 
 import (
-	"context"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"net/http"
@@ -23,15 +22,10 @@ import (
 	"net/http/httputil"
 	"os"
 	"strings"
-	"sync"
-	"time"
 
 	"github.com/getsentry/sentry-go"
-	"github.com/gorilla/mux"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/clientapi/auth"
-	federationapiAPI "github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/federationapi/api"
 	userapi "github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/userapi/api"
-	"github.com/matrix-org/gomatrixserverlib"
 	"github.com/matrix-org/util"
 	opentracing "github.com/opentracing/opentracing-go"
 	"github.com/opentracing/opentracing-go/ext"
@@ -226,79 +220,6 @@ func MakeInternalAPI(metricsName string, f func(*http.Request) util.JSONResponse
 	)
 }
 
-// MakeFedAPI makes an http.Handler that checks matrix federation authentication.
-func MakeFedAPI(
-	metricsName string,
-	serverName gomatrixserverlib.ServerName,
-	keyRing gomatrixserverlib.JSONVerifier,
-	wakeup *FederationWakeups,
-	f func(*http.Request, *gomatrixserverlib.FederationRequest, map[string]string) util.JSONResponse,
-) http.Handler {
-	h := func(req *http.Request) util.JSONResponse {
-		fedReq, errResp := gomatrixserverlib.VerifyHTTPRequest(
-			req, time.Now(), serverName, keyRing,
-		)
-		if fedReq == nil {
-			return errResp
-		}
-		// add the user to Sentry, if enabled
-		hub := sentry.GetHubFromContext(req.Context())
-		if hub != nil {
-			hub.Scope().SetTag("origin", string(fedReq.Origin()))
-			hub.Scope().SetTag("uri", fedReq.RequestURI())
-		}
-		defer func() {
-			if r := recover(); r != nil {
-				if hub != nil {
-					hub.CaptureException(fmt.Errorf("%s panicked", req.URL.Path))
-				}
-				// re-panic to return the 500
-				panic(r)
-			}
-		}()
-		go wakeup.Wakeup(req.Context(), fedReq.Origin())
-		vars, err := URLDecodeMapValues(mux.Vars(req))
-		if err != nil {
-			return util.MatrixErrorResponse(400, "M_UNRECOGNISED", "badly encoded query params")
-		}
-
-		jsonRes := f(req, fedReq, vars)
-		// do not log 4xx as errors as they are client fails, not server fails
-		if hub != nil && jsonRes.Code >= 500 {
-			hub.Scope().SetExtra("response", jsonRes)
-			hub.CaptureException(fmt.Errorf("%s returned HTTP %d", req.URL.Path, jsonRes.Code))
-		}
-		return jsonRes
-	}
-	return MakeExternalAPI(metricsName, h)
-}
-
-type FederationWakeups struct {
-	FsAPI   federationapiAPI.FederationInternalAPI
-	origins sync.Map
-}
-
-func (f *FederationWakeups) Wakeup(ctx context.Context, origin gomatrixserverlib.ServerName) {
-	key, keyok := f.origins.Load(origin)
-	if keyok {
-		lastTime, ok := key.(time.Time)
-		if ok && time.Since(lastTime) < time.Minute {
-			return
-		}
-	}
-	aliveReq := federationapiAPI.PerformServersAliveRequest{
-		Servers: []gomatrixserverlib.ServerName{origin},
-	}
-	aliveRes := federationapiAPI.PerformServersAliveResponse{}
-	if err := f.FsAPI.PerformServersAlive(ctx, &aliveReq, &aliveRes); err != nil {
-		util.GetLogger(ctx).WithError(err).WithFields(logrus.Fields{
-			"origin": origin,
-		}).Warn("incoming federation request failed to notify server alive")
-	} else {
-		f.origins.Store(origin, time.Now())
-	}
-}
-
 // WrapHandlerInBasicAuth adds basic auth to a handler. Only used for /metrics
 func WrapHandlerInBasicAuth(h http.Handler, b BasicAuth) http.HandlerFunc {
 	if b.Username == "" || b.Password == "" {
diff --git a/keyserver/api/api.go b/keyserver/api/api.go
index 6cee2c01..140f0356 100644
--- a/keyserver/api/api.go
+++ b/keyserver/api/api.go
@@ -29,15 +29,11 @@ import (
 type KeyInternalAPI interface {
 	SyncKeyAPI
 	ClientKeyAPI
+	FederationKeyAPI
 	UserKeyAPI
 
 	// SetUserAPI assigns a user API to query when extracting device names.
-	SetUserAPI(i userapi.UserInternalAPI)
-	// InputDeviceListUpdate from a federated server EDU
-	InputDeviceListUpdate(ctx context.Context, req *InputDeviceListUpdateRequest, res *InputDeviceListUpdateResponse)
-
-	QueryDeviceMessages(ctx context.Context, req *QueryDeviceMessagesRequest, res *QueryDeviceMessagesResponse)
-	QuerySignatures(ctx context.Context, req *QuerySignaturesRequest, res *QuerySignaturesResponse)
+	SetUserAPI(i userapi.KeyserverUserAPI)
 }
 
 // API functions required by the clientapi
@@ -62,6 +58,16 @@ type SyncKeyAPI interface {
 	QueryOneTimeKeys(ctx context.Context, req *QueryOneTimeKeysRequest, res *QueryOneTimeKeysResponse)
 }
 
+type FederationKeyAPI interface {
+	QueryKeys(ctx context.Context, req *QueryKeysRequest, res *QueryKeysResponse)
+	QuerySignatures(ctx context.Context, req *QuerySignaturesRequest, res *QuerySignaturesResponse)
+	QueryDeviceMessages(ctx context.Context, req *QueryDeviceMessagesRequest, res *QueryDeviceMessagesResponse)
+	// InputDeviceListUpdate from a federated server EDU
+	InputDeviceListUpdate(ctx context.Context, req *InputDeviceListUpdateRequest, res *InputDeviceListUpdateResponse)
+	PerformUploadDeviceKeys(ctx context.Context, req *PerformUploadDeviceKeysRequest, res *PerformUploadDeviceKeysResponse)
+	PerformClaimKeys(ctx context.Context, req *PerformClaimKeysRequest, res *PerformClaimKeysResponse)
+}
+
 // KeyError is returned if there was a problem performing/querying the server
 type KeyError struct {
 	Err                string `json:"error"`
diff --git a/keyserver/internal/internal.go b/keyserver/internal/internal.go
index e556f44b..be71e575 100644
--- a/keyserver/internal/internal.go
+++ b/keyserver/internal/internal.go
@@ -38,12 +38,12 @@ type KeyInternalAPI struct {
 	DB         storage.Database
 	ThisServer gomatrixserverlib.ServerName
 	FedClient  fedsenderapi.FederationClient
-	UserAPI    userapi.UserInternalAPI
+	UserAPI    userapi.KeyserverUserAPI
 	Producer   *producers.KeyChange
 	Updater    *DeviceListUpdater
 }
 
-func (a *KeyInternalAPI) SetUserAPI(i userapi.UserInternalAPI) {
+func (a *KeyInternalAPI) SetUserAPI(i userapi.KeyserverUserAPI) {
 	a.UserAPI = i
 }
 
diff --git a/keyserver/inthttp/client.go b/keyserver/inthttp/client.go
index f50789b8..abce8158 100644
--- a/keyserver/inthttp/client.go
+++ b/keyserver/inthttp/client.go
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ type httpKeyInternalAPI struct {
 	httpClient *http.Client
 }
 
-func (h *httpKeyInternalAPI) SetUserAPI(i userapi.UserInternalAPI) {
+func (h *httpKeyInternalAPI) SetUserAPI(i userapi.KeyserverUserAPI) {
 	// no-op: doesn't need it
 }
 func (h *httpKeyInternalAPI) InputDeviceListUpdate(
diff --git a/roomserver/api/alias.go b/roomserver/api/alias.go
index baab2775..37892a44 100644
--- a/roomserver/api/alias.go
+++ b/roomserver/api/alias.go
@@ -59,18 +59,6 @@ type GetAliasesForRoomIDResponse struct {
 	Aliases []string `json:"aliases"`
 }
 
-// GetCreatorIDForAliasRequest is a request to GetCreatorIDForAlias
-type GetCreatorIDForAliasRequest struct {
-	// The alias we want to find the creator of
-	Alias string `json:"alias"`
-}
-
-// GetCreatorIDForAliasResponse is a response to GetCreatorIDForAlias
-type GetCreatorIDForAliasResponse struct {
-	// The user ID of the alias creator
-	UserID string `json:"user_id"`
-}
-
 // RemoveRoomAliasRequest is a request to RemoveRoomAlias
 type RemoveRoomAliasRequest struct {
 	// ID of the user removing the alias
diff --git a/roomserver/api/api.go b/roomserver/api/api.go
index 7e1e568c..cbb4cebc 100644
--- a/roomserver/api/api.go
+++ b/roomserver/api/api.go
@@ -12,10 +12,6 @@ import (
 
 // RoomserverInputAPI is used to write events to the room server.
 type RoomserverInternalAPI interface {
-	InputRoomEventsAPI
-	QueryLatestEventsAndStateAPI
-	QueryEventsAPI
-
 	SyncRoomserverAPI
 	AppserviceRoomserverAPI
 	ClientRoomserverAPI
@@ -25,101 +21,18 @@ type RoomserverInternalAPI interface {
 	// needed to avoid chicken and egg scenario when setting up the
 	// interdependencies between the roomserver and other input APIs
 	SetFederationAPI(fsAPI fsAPI.RoomserverFederationAPI, keyRing *gomatrixserverlib.KeyRing)
-	SetAppserviceAPI(asAPI asAPI.AppServiceQueryAPI)
-	SetUserAPI(userAPI userapi.UserInternalAPI)
-
-	PerformInvite(
-		ctx context.Context,
-		req *PerformInviteRequest,
-		res *PerformInviteResponse,
-	) error
-
-	PerformJoin(
-		ctx context.Context,
-		req *PerformJoinRequest,
-		res *PerformJoinResponse,
-	)
-
-	PerformLeave(
-		ctx context.Context,
-		req *PerformLeaveRequest,
-		res *PerformLeaveResponse,
-	) error
-
-	PerformPeek(
-		ctx context.Context,
-		req *PerformPeekRequest,
-		res *PerformPeekResponse,
-	)
-
-	PerformUnpeek(
-		ctx context.Context,
-		req *PerformUnpeekRequest,
-		res *PerformUnpeekResponse,
-	)
-
-	PerformPublish(
-		ctx context.Context,
-		req *PerformPublishRequest,
-		res *PerformPublishResponse,
-	)
+	SetAppserviceAPI(asAPI asAPI.AppServiceInternalAPI)
+	SetUserAPI(userAPI userapi.RoomserverUserAPI)
 
 	// QueryAuthChain returns the entire auth chain for the event IDs given.
 	// The response includes the events in the request.
 	// Omits without error for any missing auth events. There will be no duplicates.
+	// Used in MSC2836.
 	QueryAuthChain(
 		ctx context.Context,
 		req *QueryAuthChainRequest,
 		res *QueryAuthChainResponse,
 	) error
-
-	// QueryRoomsForUser retrieves a list of room IDs matching the given query.
-	QueryRoomsForUser(ctx context.Context, req *QueryRoomsForUserRequest, res *QueryRoomsForUserResponse) error
-
-	// PerformRoomUpgrade upgrades a room to a newer version
-	PerformRoomUpgrade(ctx context.Context, req *PerformRoomUpgradeRequest, resp *PerformRoomUpgradeResponse)
-
-	// Asks for the default room version as preferred by the server.
-	QueryRoomVersionCapabilities(
-		ctx context.Context,
-		req *QueryRoomVersionCapabilitiesRequest,
-		res *QueryRoomVersionCapabilitiesResponse,
-	) error
-
-	// Asks for the room version for a given room.
-	QueryRoomVersionForRoom(
-		ctx context.Context,
-		req *QueryRoomVersionForRoomRequest,
-		res *QueryRoomVersionForRoomResponse,
-	) error
-
-	// Set a room alias
-	SetRoomAlias(
-		ctx context.Context,
-		req *SetRoomAliasRequest,
-		res *SetRoomAliasResponse,
-	) error
-
-	// Get the room ID for an alias
-	GetRoomIDForAlias(
-		ctx context.Context,
-		req *GetRoomIDForAliasRequest,
-		res *GetRoomIDForAliasResponse,
-	) error
-
-	// Get the user ID of the creator of an alias
-	GetCreatorIDForAlias(
-		ctx context.Context,
-		req *GetCreatorIDForAliasRequest,
-		res *GetCreatorIDForAliasResponse,
-	) error
-
-	// Remove a room alias
-	RemoveRoomAlias(
-		ctx context.Context,
-		req *RemoveRoomAliasRequest,
-		res *RemoveRoomAliasResponse,
-	) error
 }
 
 type InputRoomEventsAPI interface {
diff --git a/roomserver/api/api_trace.go b/roomserver/api/api_trace.go
index bc60999e..71132464 100644
--- a/roomserver/api/api_trace.go
+++ b/roomserver/api/api_trace.go
@@ -23,11 +23,11 @@ func (t *RoomserverInternalAPITrace) SetFederationAPI(fsAPI fsAPI.RoomserverFede
 	t.Impl.SetFederationAPI(fsAPI, keyRing)
 }
 
-func (t *RoomserverInternalAPITrace) SetAppserviceAPI(asAPI asAPI.AppServiceQueryAPI) {
+func (t *RoomserverInternalAPITrace) SetAppserviceAPI(asAPI asAPI.AppServiceInternalAPI) {
 	t.Impl.SetAppserviceAPI(asAPI)
 }
 
-func (t *RoomserverInternalAPITrace) SetUserAPI(userAPI userapi.UserInternalAPI) {
+func (t *RoomserverInternalAPITrace) SetUserAPI(userAPI userapi.RoomserverUserAPI) {
 	t.Impl.SetUserAPI(userAPI)
 }
 
@@ -293,16 +293,6 @@ func (t *RoomserverInternalAPITrace) GetAliasesForRoomID(
 	return err
 }
 
-func (t *RoomserverInternalAPITrace) GetCreatorIDForAlias(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	req *GetCreatorIDForAliasRequest,
-	res *GetCreatorIDForAliasResponse,
-) error {
-	err := t.Impl.GetCreatorIDForAlias(ctx, req, res)
-	util.GetLogger(ctx).WithError(err).Infof("GetCreatorIDForAlias req=%+v res=%+v", js(req), js(res))
-	return err
-}
-
 func (t *RoomserverInternalAPITrace) RemoveRoomAlias(
 	ctx context.Context,
 	req *RemoveRoomAliasRequest,
diff --git a/roomserver/internal/alias.go b/roomserver/internal/alias.go
index 02fc4a5a..f47ae47f 100644
--- a/roomserver/internal/alias.go
+++ b/roomserver/internal/alias.go
@@ -41,9 +41,6 @@ type RoomserverInternalAPIDatabase interface {
 	// Look up all aliases referring to a given room ID.
 	// Returns an error if there was a problem talking to the database.
 	GetAliasesForRoomID(ctx context.Context, roomID string) ([]string, error)
-	// Get the user ID of the creator of an alias.
-	// Returns an error if there was a problem talking to the database.
-	GetCreatorIDForAlias(ctx context.Context, alias string) (string, error)
 	// Remove a given room alias.
 	// Returns an error if there was a problem talking to the database.
 	RemoveRoomAlias(ctx context.Context, alias string) error
@@ -134,22 +131,6 @@ func (r *RoomserverInternalAPI) GetAliasesForRoomID(
 	return nil
 }
 
-// GetCreatorIDForAlias implements alias.RoomserverInternalAPI
-func (r *RoomserverInternalAPI) GetCreatorIDForAlias(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.GetCreatorIDForAliasRequest,
-	response *api.GetCreatorIDForAliasResponse,
-) error {
-	// Look up the aliases in the database for the given RoomID
-	creatorID, err := r.DB.GetCreatorIDForAlias(ctx, request.Alias)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	response.UserID = creatorID
-	return nil
-}
-
 // RemoveRoomAlias implements alias.RoomserverInternalAPI
 func (r *RoomserverInternalAPI) RemoveRoomAlias(
 	ctx context.Context,
diff --git a/roomserver/internal/api.go b/roomserver/internal/api.go
index dc0a0a71..afef52da 100644
--- a/roomserver/internal/api.go
+++ b/roomserver/internal/api.go
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ type RoomserverInternalAPI struct {
 	KeyRing                gomatrixserverlib.JSONVerifier
 	ServerACLs             *acls.ServerACLs
 	fsAPI                  fsAPI.RoomserverFederationAPI
-	asAPI                  asAPI.AppServiceQueryAPI
+	asAPI                  asAPI.AppServiceInternalAPI
 	NATSClient             *nats.Conn
 	JetStream              nats.JetStreamContext
 	Durable                string
@@ -177,11 +177,11 @@ func (r *RoomserverInternalAPI) SetFederationAPI(fsAPI fsAPI.RoomserverFederatio
 	}
 }
 
-func (r *RoomserverInternalAPI) SetUserAPI(userAPI userapi.UserInternalAPI) {
+func (r *RoomserverInternalAPI) SetUserAPI(userAPI userapi.RoomserverUserAPI) {
 	r.Leaver.UserAPI = userAPI
 }
 
-func (r *RoomserverInternalAPI) SetAppserviceAPI(asAPI asAPI.AppServiceQueryAPI) {
+func (r *RoomserverInternalAPI) SetAppserviceAPI(asAPI asAPI.AppServiceInternalAPI) {
 	r.asAPI = asAPI
 }
 
diff --git a/roomserver/internal/perform/perform_leave.go b/roomserver/internal/perform/perform_leave.go
index b006843f..c5b62ac0 100644
--- a/roomserver/internal/perform/perform_leave.go
+++ b/roomserver/internal/perform/perform_leave.go
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ type Leaver struct {
 	Cfg     *config.RoomServer
 	DB      storage.Database
 	FSAPI   fsAPI.RoomserverFederationAPI
-	UserAPI userapi.UserInternalAPI
+	UserAPI userapi.RoomserverUserAPI
 	Inputer *input.Inputer
 }
 
diff --git a/roomserver/inthttp/client.go b/roomserver/inthttp/client.go
index 4fc75ff4..09358001 100644
--- a/roomserver/inthttp/client.go
+++ b/roomserver/inthttp/client.go
@@ -91,11 +91,11 @@ func (h *httpRoomserverInternalAPI) SetFederationAPI(fsAPI fsInputAPI.Roomserver
 }
 
 // SetAppserviceAPI no-ops in HTTP client mode as there is no chicken/egg scenario
-func (h *httpRoomserverInternalAPI) SetAppserviceAPI(asAPI asAPI.AppServiceQueryAPI) {
+func (h *httpRoomserverInternalAPI) SetAppserviceAPI(asAPI asAPI.AppServiceInternalAPI) {
 }
 
 // SetUserAPI no-ops in HTTP client mode as there is no chicken/egg scenario
-func (h *httpRoomserverInternalAPI) SetUserAPI(userAPI userapi.UserInternalAPI) {
+func (h *httpRoomserverInternalAPI) SetUserAPI(userAPI userapi.RoomserverUserAPI) {
 }
 
 // SetRoomAlias implements RoomserverAliasAPI
@@ -137,19 +137,6 @@ func (h *httpRoomserverInternalAPI) GetAliasesForRoomID(
 	return httputil.PostJSON(ctx, span, h.httpClient, apiURL, request, response)
 }
 
-// GetCreatorIDForAlias implements RoomserverAliasAPI
-func (h *httpRoomserverInternalAPI) GetCreatorIDForAlias(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	request *api.GetCreatorIDForAliasRequest,
-	response *api.GetCreatorIDForAliasResponse,
-) error {
-	span, ctx := opentracing.StartSpanFromContext(ctx, "GetCreatorIDForAlias")
-	defer span.Finish()
-
-	apiURL := h.roomserverURL + RoomserverGetCreatorIDForAliasPath
-	return httputil.PostJSON(ctx, span, h.httpClient, apiURL, request, response)
-}
-
 // RemoveRoomAlias implements RoomserverAliasAPI
 func (h *httpRoomserverInternalAPI) RemoveRoomAlias(
 	ctx context.Context,
diff --git a/roomserver/inthttp/server.go b/roomserver/inthttp/server.go
index c5159a63..9042e341 100644
--- a/roomserver/inthttp/server.go
+++ b/roomserver/inthttp/server.go
@@ -353,20 +353,6 @@ func AddRoutes(r api.RoomserverInternalAPI, internalAPIMux *mux.Router) {
 			return util.JSONResponse{Code: http.StatusOK, JSON: &response}
 		}),
 	)
-	internalAPIMux.Handle(
-		RoomserverGetCreatorIDForAliasPath,
-		httputil.MakeInternalAPI("GetCreatorIDForAlias", func(req *http.Request) util.JSONResponse {
-			var request api.GetCreatorIDForAliasRequest
-			var response api.GetCreatorIDForAliasResponse
-			if err := json.NewDecoder(req.Body).Decode(&request); err != nil {
-				return util.ErrorResponse(err)
-			}
-			if err := r.GetCreatorIDForAlias(req.Context(), &request, &response); err != nil {
-				return util.ErrorResponse(err)
-			}
-			return util.JSONResponse{Code: http.StatusOK, JSON: &response}
-		}),
-	)
 	internalAPIMux.Handle(
 		RoomserverGetAliasesForRoomIDPath,
 		httputil.MakeInternalAPI("getAliasesForRoomID", func(req *http.Request) util.JSONResponse {
diff --git a/setup/base/base.go b/setup/base/base.go
index 9326be1c..d7d5119f 100644
--- a/setup/base/base.go
+++ b/setup/base/base.go
@@ -270,8 +270,8 @@ func (b *BaseDendrite) DatabaseConnection(dbProperties *config.DatabaseOptions,
 	return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("no database connections configured")
 }
 
-// AppserviceHTTPClient returns the AppServiceQueryAPI for hitting the appservice component over HTTP.
-func (b *BaseDendrite) AppserviceHTTPClient() appserviceAPI.AppServiceQueryAPI {
+// AppserviceHTTPClient returns the AppServiceInternalAPI for hitting the appservice component over HTTP.
+func (b *BaseDendrite) AppserviceHTTPClient() appserviceAPI.AppServiceInternalAPI {
 	a, err := asinthttp.NewAppserviceClient(b.Cfg.AppServiceURL(), b.apiHttpClient)
 	if err != nil {
 		logrus.WithError(err).Panic("CreateHTTPAppServiceAPIs failed")
diff --git a/setup/monolith.go b/setup/monolith.go
index a0e850d8..41a89702 100644
--- a/setup/monolith.go
+++ b/setup/monolith.go
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ type Monolith struct {
 	Client    *gomatrixserverlib.Client
 	FedClient *gomatrixserverlib.FederationClient
 
-	AppserviceAPI appserviceAPI.AppServiceQueryAPI
+	AppserviceAPI appserviceAPI.AppServiceInternalAPI
 	FederationAPI federationAPI.FederationInternalAPI
 	RoomserverAPI roomserverAPI.RoomserverInternalAPI
 	UserAPI       userapi.UserInternalAPI
diff --git a/userapi/api/api.go b/userapi/api/api.go
index dc8c12b7..df9408ac 100644
--- a/userapi/api/api.go
+++ b/userapi/api/api.go
@@ -31,6 +31,8 @@ type UserInternalAPI interface {
 	ClientUserAPI
 	MediaUserAPI
 	FederationUserAPI
+	RoomserverUserAPI
+	KeyserverUserAPI
 
 	QuerySearchProfilesAPI // used by p2p demos
 }
@@ -41,6 +43,15 @@ type AppserviceUserAPI interface {
 	PerformDeviceCreation(ctx context.Context, req *PerformDeviceCreationRequest, res *PerformDeviceCreationResponse) error
 }
 
+type KeyserverUserAPI interface {
+	QueryDevices(ctx context.Context, req *QueryDevicesRequest, res *QueryDevicesResponse) error
+	QueryDeviceInfos(ctx context.Context, req *QueryDeviceInfosRequest, res *QueryDeviceInfosResponse) error
+}
+
+type RoomserverUserAPI interface {
+	QueryAccountData(ctx context.Context, req *QueryAccountDataRequest, res *QueryAccountDataResponse) error
+}
+
 // api functions required by the media api
 type MediaUserAPI interface {
 	QueryAcccessTokenAPI